Complete List of DOS Commands (MS- DOS Commands). MS- DOS 6. 2. 2 (CHKDSK Command). Windows, and other modern OSs, use a graphics- based system designed for touch or a mouse. DOS Commands in Windows. The commands in Windows are available from the Command Prompt and are called Command Prompt commands or CMD commands, but they are not DOS commands. Instead, check out my List of Windows CMD Commands for all of the command- line options you have available to you in Windows. I also created a command comparison table to show which commands are available in different Microsoft operating systems. Below is a complete list of the nearly 1. MS- DOS commands, commonly referred to as just. In other words, running the call command at the MS- DOS prompt will do nothing. Cd. The cd command is the shorthand version of the chdir command. Chcp. The chcp command displays or configures the active code page number. Chdir. The chdir command is used to display the drive letter and folder that you are currently in. Chdir can also be used to change the drive and/or directory that you want to work in. Chkdsk. The chkdsk command, often referred to as check disk, is used to identify and correct certain hard drive errors. DOS (Disk Operating System) is an operating system that runs from a hard disk drive. The term can also refer to a particular family of disk operating systems, most commonly MS-DOS (Microsoft Disk Operating System). MS-DOS is a 'Disk Operating System'. That means it is simply: 'a System for Operating the Computer from a Disk', (but MS-SOCD doesn't sound as nice). DOS Tutorial Author: lchs lchs Last modified by: 00000001. Choice. The choice command is used within a script or batch program to provide a list of choices and return the value of that choice to the program. Cls. The cls command clears the screen of all previously entered commands and other text. Command. The command command starts a new instance of the command. Copy. The copy command does simply that - it copies one or more files from one location to another. Ctty. The ctty command is used to change the default input and output devices for the system. Date. The date command is used to show or change the current date. Dblspace. The dblspace command is used to create or configure Double. Space compressed drives. Debug. The debug command starts Debug, a command line application used to test and edit programs. Defrag. The defrag command is used to defragment a drive you specify. The defrag command is the command line version of Microsoft's Disk Defragmenter. Del. The del command is used to delete one or more files. Operating Systems (DOS/WINDOWS) Rajesh J. Bioinformatics Centre. Institute of Microbial Technology. Sector 39-A, Chandigarh. HPUnix, Linux, DEC Unix) Microsoft Disk Operating System (MS-DOS), WIN95/98, WIN NT. MS-DOS(Microsoft Disk Operating System). The dir command also displays other important information like the hard drive's serial number, the total number of files listed, their combined size, the total amount of free space left on the drive, and more. Diskcomp. The diskcomp command is used to compare the contents of two floppy disks. Diskcopy. The diskcopy command is used to copy the entire contents of one floppy disk to another. Doskey. The doskey command is used to edit command lines, create macros, and recall previously entered commands. Dosshell. The dosshell command starts DOS Shell, a graphical file management tool for MS- DOS. The echo command can also be used to turn the echoing feature on or off. Edit. The edit command starts the MS- DOS Editor tool which is used to create and modify text files. Microsoft's QuickPascal released in early 1989 was the first MS product that checked for MS-DOS by modifying the program's Program Segment Prefix using undocumented. MS-DOS OPERATING SYSTEM arsicrosort -Dos o P e hating S V ste? Oid The heart of a computer system is a supervisory program that manages the system resources such as memory, disk and device I/O. This program is commonly. Edlin. The edlin command starts the Edlin tool which is used to create and modify text files from the command line. The for command is most often used within a batch or script file. Format. The format command is used to format a drive in the file system that you specify. Goto. The goto command is used in a batch or script file to direct the command process to a labeled line in the script. Graphics. The graphics command is used to load a program that can print graphics. Help. The help command provides more detailed information on any of the other Command Prompt or MS- DOS commands. If. The if command is used to perform conditional functions in a batch file. Interlnk. The interlnk command is used to connect two computers via a serial or parallel connection to share files and printers. Intersvr. The intersvr command is used to start the Interlnk server and to copy Interlnk files from one computer to another. Keyb. The keyb command is used to configure a keyboard for a specific language. Label. The label command is used to manage the volume label of a disk. Lh. The lh command is the shorthand version of the loadhigh command. Loadfix. The loadfix command is used to load the specified program in the first 6. K of memory and then runs the program. Loadhigh. The loadhigh command is used to load a program into high memory and is usually used from within the autoexec. Md. The md command is the shorthand version of the mkdir command. Mem. The mem command shows information about used and free memory areas and programs that are currently loaded into memory in the MS- DOS subsystem. Memmaker. The memmaker command is used to start Mem. Maker, a memory optimization tool. Mkdir. The mkdir command is used to create a new folder. Mode. The mode command is used to configure system devices, most often COM and LPT ports. More. The more command is used to display the information contained in a text file. The more command can also be used to paginate the results of any other Command Prompt or MS- DOS command. Move. The move command is used to move one or files from one folder to another. The move command is also used to rename directories. Msav. The msav command starts Microsoft Antivirus. Msbackup. The msbackup command starts Microsoft Backup, a tool used to back up and restore one or more files. Mscdex. The mscdex command is used to provide CD- ROM access to MS- DOS. Msd. The msd command starts Microsoft Diagnostics, a tool used to display information about your computer. Nlsfunc. The nlsfunc command is used to load information specific to a particular country or region. Path. The path command is used to display or set a specific path available to executable files. Pause. The pause command is used within a batch or script file to pause the processing of the file. When the pause command is used, a . The subst command is a lot like the net use command in Windows. The xcopy command is generally considered a more. DOS - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. This article is about Microsoft DOS. For other operating systems of the DOS family, see DOS. MS- DOS (EM- es- DOSS; acronym for Microsoft Disk Operating System) is a discontinued operating system for x. Microsoft. It was the most commonly used member of the DOS family of operating systems, and was the main operating system for IBM PC compatible personal computers during the 1. GUI), in various generations of the graphical Microsoft Windows operating system by Microsoft Corporation. MS- DOS resulted from a request in 1. IBM for an operating system to use in its IBM PC range of personal computers. IBM licensed and released it in August 1. PC DOS 1. 0 for use in their PCs. Although MS- DOS and PC DOS were initially developed in parallel by Microsoft and IBM, in subsequent years the two products diverged, with recognizable differences in compatibility, syntax, and capabilities. During its life, several competing products were released for the x. Progressive version releases delivered support for other mass storage media in ever greater sizes and formats, along with added feature support for newer processors and rapidly evolving computer architectures. Ultimately it was the key product in Microsoft's growth from a programming languages company to a diverse software development firm, providing the company with essential revenue and marketing resources. It was also the underlying basic operating system on which early versions of Windows ran as a GUI. It is a flexible operating system, and consumes negligible installation space. History. Development of 8. DOS took only six weeks, as it was basically a clone of Digital Research's CP/M (for 8. Z8. 0 processors), ported to run on 8. CP/M; an improved disk sector buffering logic and the introduction of FAT1. CP/M filesystem. This first version was shipped in August 1. Microsoft kept the version number, but renamed it MS- DOS. They also licensed MS- DOS 1. IBM, who, in August 1. PC DOS 1. 0 as one of three operating systems. Each computer would have its own distinct hardware and its own version of MS- DOS, similar to the situation that existed for CP/M, and with MS- DOS emulating the same solution as CP/M to adapt for different hardware platforms. To this end, MS- DOS was designed with a modular structure with internal device drivers, minimally for primary disk drives and the console, integrated with the kernel and loaded by the boot loader, and installable device drivers for other devices loaded and integrated at boot time. The OEM would use a development kit provided by Microsoft to build a version of MS- DOS with their basic I/O drivers and a standard Microsoft kernel, which they would typically supply on disk to end users along with the hardware. Thus, there were many different versions of . Some machines, like the Tandy 2. MS- DOS compatible but not IBM- compatible, so they could run software written exclusively for MS- DOS without dependence on the peripheral hardware of the IBM PC architecture. This design would have worked well for compatibility, if application programs had only used MS- DOS services to perform device I/O, and indeed the same design philosophy is embodied in Windows NT (see Hardware Abstraction Layer). However, in MS- DOS's early days, the greater speed attainable by programs through direct control of hardware was of particular importance, especially for games, which often pushed the limits of their contemporary hardware. Very soon an IBM- compatible architecture became the goal, and before long all 8. IBM's hardware, and only a single version of MS- DOS for a fixed hardware platform was needed for the market. This version is the version of MS- DOS that is discussed here, as the dozens of other OEM versions of . Believing that it could not compete with AT& T in the Unix market, Microsoft abandoned Xenix, and in 1. Xenix to the Santa Cruz Operation (SCO). On 2. 5 March 2. 01. Microsoft made the code to SCP MS- DOS 1. Altos MS- DOS 2. 1. Tele. Video PC DOS 2. Microsoft Research License Agreement, which makes the code source- available, but not open source as defined by Open Source Initiative or Free Software Foundation standards. It is unrelated to any later versions, including versions 4. MS- DOS 4. x (IBM- developed) . It had many bugs and compatibility issues. First version to introduce volume serial number when formatting hard disks and floppy disks (Disk duplication also. A number of bugs required re issue. First version to support 3. MB floppy drives and diskettes. Hard disk partitions greater than 3. Mi. B and up to a maximum size of 2 Gi. B was now provided by the MS- DOS kernel. Disk compression, upper memory optimization and antivirus included. Version 6. 2 . Fix serious bugs in DBLSPACE. Version 6. 2. 1 (Retail) . JO. SYS is an alternative filename of the IO. SYS kernel file and used as such for . JO. SYS allows booting from either CD- ROM drive or hard disk. Last version to recognize only the first 8. GB of a hard disk. Last general purpose DOS to load Windows. Four different kernels (IO. SYS) observed. With PC DOS 5. IBM- Microsoft agreement started to end, and IBM entered the retail DOS market with IBM DOS 5. PC DOS 6. 1, 6. 3, 7, 2. Localized versions of MS- DOS existed for different markets. Affected issues include Japanese (DOS/V), Korean, Arabic (ADOS 3. Hebrew (HDOS 3. 3/5. Russian (RDOS 4. 0. Eastern European versions of DOS. Competition. In fact, there remains controversy as to whether QDOS was more or less plagiarised from early versions of CP/M code. Digital Research released CP/M- 8. MS- DOS, and it was offered as an alternative to MS- DOS and Microsoft's licensing requirements, but at a higher price. Executable programs for CP/M- 8. MS- DOS were not interchangeable with each other; many applications were sold in both MS- DOS and CP/M- 8. MS- DOS became preponderant (later Digital Research operating systems could run both MS- DOS and CP/M- 8. MS- DOS originally supported the simple . COM, which was modelled after a similar but binary incompatible format known from CP/M- 8. CP/M- 8. 6 instead supported a relocatable format using the file extension. CMD to avoid name conflicts with CP/M- 8. MS- DOS . COM files. MS- DOS version 1. EXE executable file format. Most of the machines in the early days of MS- DOS had differing system architectures and there was a certain degree of incompatibility, and subsequently vendor lock- in. Users who began using MS- DOS with their machines were compelled to continue using the version customized for their hardware, or face trying to get all of their proprietary hardware and software to work with the new system. In the business world the 8. MS- DOS was tied to faced competition from the Unix operating system which ran on many different hardware architectures. Microsoft itself sold a version of Unix for the PC called Xenix. In the emerging world of home users, a variety of other computers based on various other processors were in serious competition with the IBM PC: the Apple II, early Apple Macintosh, the Commodore 6. MS- DOS. At first all these machines were in competition. In time the IBM PC hardware configuration became dominant in the 8. PC hardware without using standard operating system calls ran much faster, but on true PC- compatibles only. Non- PC- compatible 8. IBM PCs and machines that closely imitated their architecture, all running either a single version of MS- DOS compatible only with PCs, or the equivalent IBM PC DOS. Most clones cost much less than IBM- branded machines of similar performance, and became widely used by home users, while IBM PCs had a large share of the business computer market. Microsoft and IBM together began what was intended as the follow- on to MS- DOS/PC DOS, called OS/2. When OS/2 was released in 1. Microsoft began an advertising campaign announcing that . OS/2 was designed for efficient multi- tasking (as was standard in operating systems since 1. MS- DOS also grew by incorporating, by direct licensing or feature duplicating, the functionality of tools and utilities developed by independent companies, such as Norton Utilities, PC Tools (Microsoft Anti- Virus), QEMM expanded memory manager, Stackerdisk compression, and others. During the period when Digital Research was competing in the operating system market some computers, like Amstrad PC1. MS- DOS and CP/M- 8. Digital Research produced DOS Plus, which was compatible with MS- DOS 2. CP/M- 8. 6 programs, had additional features including multi- tasking, and could read and write disks in CP/M and MS- DOS format. While OS/2 was under protracted development, Digital Research released the MS- DOS compatible DR DOS 5. MS- DOS. Unwilling to lose any portion of the market, Microsoft responded by announcing the . This effectively killed most DR DOS sales until the actual release of MS- DOS 5. June 1. 99. 1. Digital Research brought out DR DOS 6. For example, in October 1. DR DOS 5. 0, and long before the eventual June 1. MS- DOS 5. 0, stories on feature enhancements in MS- DOS started to appear in Info. World and PC Week. Brad Silverberg, Vice President of Systems Software at Microsoft and General Manager of its Windows and MS- DOS Business Unit, wrote a forceful letter to PC Week (November 5, 1. Microsoft was engaged in FUD tactics (. There will be some similar features. With 5. 0 million MS- DOS users, it shouldn't be surprising that DRI has heard some of the same requests from customers that we have. Much of Microsoft's further contributions to OS/2 also went into creating a third GUI replacement for DOS, Windows NT. IBM, which had already been developing the next version of OS/2, carried on development of the platform without Microsoft and sold it as the alternative to DOS and Windows. Legal issues. In the due diligence process, Stac engineers had shown Microsoft part of the Stacker source code. Stac was unwilling to meet Microsoft's terms for licensing Stacker and withdrew from the negotiations. Microsoft chose to license Vertisoft's Double. Disk, using it as the core for its Double.
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